{"id":36308,"date":"2013-02-20T20:33:09","date_gmt":"2013-02-21T01:33:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/countingpips.com\/forex-news\/?p=36308"},"modified":"2013-02-20T20:33:09","modified_gmt":"2013-02-21T01:33:09","slug":"where-hyperinflation-will-strike-next","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/2013\/02\/20\/where-hyperinflation-will-strike-next\/","title":{"rendered":"Where Hyperinflation Will Strike Next"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Is hyperinflation coming to the U.S., Britain or Japan?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hyperinflation in the eurozone would be a better bet.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>So says James Montier, of investment management firm GMO, in a new<br \/>\nwhite paper titled &#8220;Hyperinflations, Hysteria and False Memories.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>Montier picked up an interest in hyperinflation as a child as a<br \/>\nresult of his father&#8217;s smoking habit. At the time, exotic bank notes<br \/>\nwere packaged with cigarettes. Montier senior passed a collection of<br \/>\nthese on to his son&#8230; including a 1 million mark note from the Weimar<br \/>\nRepublic.<\/p>\n<p>Montier examines hyperinflation episodes in:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>German Weimar Republic (1922-23)<\/li>\n<li>Hungary (1945-46)<\/li>\n<li>China (1937-49)<\/li>\n<li>Bolivia (1984-85)<\/li>\n<li>Brazil (1987-94)<\/li>\n<li>Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1992-94)<\/li>\n<li>Georgia (the country, not the state &#8212; 1992-94)<\/li>\n<li>Zimbabwe (2007-09)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>And after going through this laundry list of hyperinflation episodes and causes, Montier concludes:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p><em>To say that the printing of money by central banks to finance<br \/>\ngovernment deficits creates hyperinflations is far too simplistic<br \/>\n(bordering on the simple-minded). Hyperinflation is not purely a<br \/>\nmonetary phenomenon. To claim that is to miss the root causes that<br \/>\nunderlie these extraordinary periods. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>It takes something much worse than simply printing money. To<br \/>\ncreate the situations that give rise to hyperinflations, history teaches<br \/>\nus that a massive supply shock, often coupled with external debts<br \/>\ndenominated in a foreign currency, is required, and that social unrest<br \/>\nand distributive conflict help to transmit the shock more broadly. <\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Money printing alone does not light the hyperinflation fuse. Something major has to go <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.insiderinvestingdaily.com\/articles\/inside-investing-013113.html\" target=\"_blank\">haywire<\/a><\/strong> &#8212; courtesy of an outlier such as war, supply shock or crushing external debt load.<\/p>\n<p>This is why Montier concludes the eurozone is actually a larger hyperinflation risk than the U.S., Britain or Japan.<\/p>\n<p>This is because, although these three countries are racking up huge<br \/>\ndebts relative to their output, all three also borrow in their own <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.insiderinvestingdaily.com\/articles\/inside-investing-012813.html\" target=\"_blank\">currency<\/a><\/strong> and have relatively stable politico-economic regimes.<\/p>\n<p>The eurozone, on the other hand, is made up of multiple countries<br \/>\nwith huge external debts denominated in currencies they do not control<br \/>\n&#8212; think Greece, Spain and Italy &#8212; coupled with great anger at &#8220;the<br \/>\nsystem,&#8221; high potential for civil unrest (over 50% youth unemployment in<br \/>\nGreece and Spain), and serious breakdowns in basic stability<br \/>\nmechanisms.<\/p>\n<p>There is a lot of hype these days about hyperinflation in the U.S.<br \/>\nBut extreme amounts of government borrowing are more likely to slow down<br \/>\nthe U.S. economy than speed up the arrival of hyperinflation, as<br \/>\ngovernments &#8220;crowd out&#8221; more entrepreneurial uses of funds and near-zero<br \/>\ninterest rates cause capital to languish in stagnant pools.<\/p>\n<p>When giant corporations can borrow for 20 years at 2% banks only<br \/>\nchoose to make super-safe loans. More dynamic businesses can hardly get<br \/>\ncapital at all. This leaves the real economy (as opposed to the paper<br \/>\nWall Street version) in a quagmire.<\/p>\n<p>This makes it hard for hyperinflation to kick in, as monetary<br \/>\nvelocity &#8212; the speed at which money changes hands from one transaction<br \/>\nto another &#8212; falls.<\/p>\n<p>Some prophesy a bond crash will usher in U.S. hyperinflation, as the<br \/>\nworld decides to sell all its bonds overnight. But this is unlikely<br \/>\nbecause of what happens when bond prices fall: Long-term interest rates<br \/>\ngo up.<\/p>\n<p>That means, in the event of a bond &#8220;crash,&#8221; rates would spike,<br \/>\nleading to an economic crash&#8230; which in turn would pummel risk assets<br \/>\nand scare everyone into buying bonds again!<\/p>\n<p>For mature economies such as the U.S., stealth inflation is a far<br \/>\nmore realistic outcome than hyperinflation. This is usually how the<br \/>\nbuying power of a currency goes down &#8212; not in great hysterical swoops,<br \/>\nbut in humdrum dribs and drabs.<\/p>\n<p>The best protection is hard assets. Make sure some of your wealth is<br \/>\ninvested in stores of value such as gold and precious metals and real<br \/>\nestate. These are the best way to counteract the slow death of the<br \/>\ndollar.<\/p>\n<p>And be careful of going long European stocks or the euro itself. If<br \/>\nhistory is any guide, it could be the next economy to fall foul of a<br \/>\nhyperinflationary episode.<\/p>\n<p>Carpe Divitiae,<\/p>\n<p>Justice<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.insideinvestingdaily.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.<wbr \/>insideinvestingdaily.com\/<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Is hyperinflation coming to the U.S., Britain or Japan? Hyperinflation in the eurozone would be a better bet. So says James Montier, of investment management firm GMO, in a new white paper titled &#8220;Hyperinflations, Hysteria and False Memories.&#8221; Montier picked up an interest in hyperinflation as a child as a result of his father&#8217;s smoking &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/2013\/02\/20\/where-hyperinflation-will-strike-next\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;Where Hyperinflation Will Strike Next&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-36308","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36308","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36308"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36308\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36308"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36308"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.investmacro.com\/forex-news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36308"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}